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In modern times, the balance of power between East and West shifted. What caused the rupture between the Islamic and the Christian worlds? This episode covers 400 years of history beginning with the definitive routing of the Ottomans at the gates of Vienna in 1683. But while Muslim pirates foster the slave trade off Europe’s coasts, Muslims are not involved in the great voyages of discovery. Scholars from both sides try to understand why the Arabic world is lagging behind. Is the West to be blamed?